GKI’s business confidence index rose to minus 8.3 points from minus 9.1 in August. Sentiment improved in industry but deteriorated in construction, commerce and business services.

The survey found that 8% of companies planned to hire staff over the next three months, while 12% expected to reduce headcount.

The consumer confidence index edged down to minus 3.8 points from minus 3.7 a month earlier. Households’ assessment of the economy worsened slightly, and fewer planned to make big-ticket purchases.

GKI’s combined business and consumer confidence index increased to minus 7.1 points in September from minus 7.7 in August.