Last year, the central EU budget had 1% surplus totaling just over €1 billion, which compares with €15 billion five years ago. Refunds are distributed in proportion to each country’s contribution to the central budget on the basis of their GDP. The largest amount of 2005 refunds will go to Germany, which is to receive €496 million, while Malta benefits only €1 million. In line with the EU’s internal rules, refunds are debited to member countries’ individual accounts and deducted from their mandatory contribution for the next year, rather than transferred back to their national treasuries.