In Romania, Hungarians are in the majority in two counties out of 41: in Hargita County, 232,000 people (about 85.7% of the local population) declared themselves as Hungarians, and in Kovászna County, 133,000 people (71.8%) did so.

In the 2011 census, 259,000 Hungarians were listed in Hargita County, which accounted for 84.8% of the local population at the time, and 152,000 (73.6%) in Kovászna County.